Introduction

All cars covered by this manual are equipped either with front disc brakes and rear drum brakes, or with disc brakes at all four wheels. The standard brake system is a diagonal, dual-circuit design, hydraulically actuated by the master cylinder, with a vacuum-powered booster to reduce braking effort. A pressure regulator, or proportioning valve, helps prevent the rear brakes from locking during heavy braking.

Some 1989 and later models are equipped with an advanced anti-lock braking system (ABS). The system improves braking performance during emergencies or on slippery road surfaces by preventing wheel lock-up and skidding which in turn can lead to loss of control. Sensors at each wheel measure wheel speed and detect when one or more of the wheels is about to lock up and skid. An electronic control unit receives these signals and adjusts the hydraulic pressure at the master cylinder to prevent locking. The brake mechanisms at the wheels are essentially the same as those on non-ABS cars.

A properly functioning brake system is essential to safe driving. If the red brake/parking warning indicator lights up while driving, indicating low pressure in one of the brake circuits, then it is imperative that the system be given a thorough check, even if braking action still seems satisfactory. The brakes should be regularly inspected, and all brake work must be done with extreme cleanliness, careful attention to specifications, and proper working procedures.