7.2 Steering Gear and Tie Rods

In the rack and pinion steering gear, the steering pinion translates rotary motion of the steering wheel into lateral motion of the steering rack. Tie rods connect the ends of the steering rack to the steering arms near the wheels.

The inner and outer tie rod ends are ball-jointed to combine precise steering with flexibility for suspension movement. Rubber boots protect the joints and retain lubricant. Other than periodic inspections for wear or damage, no maintenance or additional lubrication is required for the life of the joints.

In addition to manual steering gear, two types of power assisted steering gear are used in cars covered by this manual. Procedures and specifications are similar to both, but parts are not interchangeable. The steering gear itself cannot be rebuilt and must be replaced if defective.

Before buying parts, identify the type of steering gear you are working on. Units manufactured by TRW have a smooth black housing, with the manufacturer's label on the housing. Units manufactured by ZF have a silver housing with a cast waffle pattern. The manufacturer's label is on the control valve housing, near the left side mount.